Before reading this topic, make sure you understand how to enter a new payment. To find a particular payment, see the viewing/filtering/searching payments topic. Once you've located the particular payment you would like to edit, click the edit link in the command column.
Edit Payment Form
The slight difference between entering a new payment and viewing an existing payment is which invoices are listed on the payment form. When editing an existing payment, you will see all invoices that are not paid in full plus all of the paid-in-full invoices that the current payment was applied against. Another way to look at it is this: The only invoices you will not see are invoices that have been paid in full using other payments.
Adjusting any field except amount will not affect the way the payment is applied to invoices. If you adjust the amount, you will see the payment reapplied to outstanding invoices. There is even potential for an invoice that was previously paid-in-full to lose it's paid-in-full status.